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Standard rate of 23%, reduced rates of 8% and 5%, and KSeF, mandatory in 2026 for Polish companies. And which VAT you charge when selling from Spain.

The Netherlands (Holland) applies a 21% standard rate and a 9% reduced rate; in 2026 hotel accommodation goes up to 21% and books do not. Which VAT you charge when selling from Spain.

Standard 23%, intermediate 13% and reduced 6%, with own rates in Madeira and Azores. And which VAT you charge when selling from Spain.

Rates of 20%, 5% and 0%. And what no table tells you: customs, import VAT, and when you charge UK VAT yourself when selling from Spain.

General rate of 21 % and a single reduced rate of 11 % since August 2025, when the 9 % and 5 % rates disappeared. And which VAT you charge when selling from Spain.

Sweden applies a standard 25 % rate and reduced rates of 12 % and 6 %; from April 2026 food is taxed at 6 %. Which VAT should you charge when selling from Spain.